A water management strategy is a plan or a specific project to meet a need for additional water. Offshore production leads to new producedwater technologies. Technologies and options for managing produced water. Emerging technologies for wastewater treatment and in. Produced water from oil and gas development requires management to avoid negative public health effects, particularly those associated with dissolved solids and bromide in drinking water. In the trc districts 7c, 8, 8a, and 10, yearly produced water disposal is more than 265,000,000 bbls. Produced water discharges from offshore oil and gas. Produced water management in new mexico rebecca roose, water protection division director, nmed adrienne sandoval, oil conservation division director, emnrd. It is made up of natural formation water as well as the uphole return of water injected into the.
Some of this water is returned fracture fluid and some is natural formation water. Produced water is the largest volume byproduct or waste stream associated with oil. Pdf produced water is one of the oily wastewater that produced from petroleum industry. Produced water operators include extensive costs in the handling and management of produced water. Produced water quality is widely variable, and water may contain contaminants from diverse groups e. This is second only to utility costs in the case of field production operations. Costs include bringing the water to the surface, reinjecting the water into the formation for disposal, and transporting the large amounts of water to injection wells.
Whether waste or commodity, produced water has management costs that need to be kept inline with each specific production project and region or it could adversely affect the life of the well. Alternative water management represents a potential. Our expertise designing, permitting, and building oilfield water and wastewater projects includes. The vast majority of water managed by occidental is coproduced from hydrocarbon reservoirs with oil and gas. Improve produced water management efficiencies, reduce the operational costs of domestic oil and gas development, identify new management strategies that may lessen impacts that produced water has on the environment, make energy more affordable by providing the us with the increased sta. Produced water is water trapped in underground formations that is brought to the surface during oil and gas exploration and production. While opportunities exist to recyclereuse produced water outside of the oilfield, this management approach is rare. Management and beneficial use alternatives july 2003 prepared by. Study of oil and gas extraction wastewater management.
It is a byproduct of the production of hydrocarbons oil and gas from underground reservoirs. Produced water management, storage and transfer is. Technology advancements and the increasing need for fresh water resources have created the potential for desalination of oil field brine to be a. Pdf produced water volumes and management practices. Offsite cwt facilities are also used to manage these wastewaters. Review of technologies for oil and gas produced water. Environmental risks and advances in mitigation technologies the discharge of produced water from offshore oil and gas facilities remains an environmental concern due to uncertainty regarding its fate, transport and potential biological effects. Pdf open access produced water treatment technologies. Produced water is the largest volume waste stream from oil and gas production activities.
Oil and gas produced water management and beneficial use. Brewery industry china hong kong management case study, management development center of hong kong, hong kong. Treatment may be required to improve the quality of produced water so that it can be put to beneficial use. The assessment of the environmental impact of the fate beneficial reuse, disposal of the produced water and approval by the relevant approval authority is a separate process not covered by this code. Due to the increasing volume of waste all over the. Produced water environmental risks and advances in. Produced water is the largest waste stream generated in oil and gas industries. Onshore, well over 90% is reinjected to subsurface formations. Veil, 2009, produced water volumes and management practices in the united states.
The potential of oilfield produced water to be a source of fresh water for water stressed oilproducing countries and the increasing environmental concerns in addition to stringent legislations on produced water discharge into the environment have made produced water management a significant part of the oil and gas business. Produced water is sometimes reused during drilling, completions and well stimulationincluding hydraulic fracturing. Produced water handling has been an issue of concern for oil and gas producers as it is one of the major factors that cause abandonment of the producing well. If the oil and gas operator wishes to convey his produced water to a secondary user, the operator must be sure that the water falls within the specifications of the user. About produced water produced water 101 produced water is a byproduct of oil and gas exploration and production, it is generated in large volumes, and it plays a significant factor in the profitability of oil and gas production wells. After separating produced water at the surface from the produced oil and gas, occidental often reinjects it into mature oil and gas reservoirs as part of its improved oil recovery ior operations. The large volume 15 to 20 billion barrels generated annually in the u. The global produced water treatment market size is expected to reach usd 9.
Produced water and fracture flowback water management, particularly in gas shale development areas, 2. Note that the total pro duced water volume for q4 is considerably lower than for the first thr ee quarters. Road spreading of produced water for dust and ice control is also occurring in some states. Water management technologies used by marcellus shale. The development of effective produced water management strategies poses a big challenge to the oil and gas industry today. Oil and gas reservoirs often have water as well as hydrocarbons, sometimes in a zone that lies under the hydrocarbons, and sometimes in the same zone with the oil and gas. The management of produced water is equally challenging. The ratio of produced water to oil equivalents wor or. Owen kellum, administrative litigation unit attorney, ose.
Vincenzo piemonte, associate professor, university ucbm rome italy 1. Theme description produced water is typically generated in large quantity for the lifespan of a well. This document updates the original 2008 publication emerging technologies for. New information on produced water volumes and management. Produced water pw, which could be a complex mixture of different organic and inorganic compounds mostly salts, minerals, and oils, is a major wastewater generated during oilgas production due to increased oil and gas production, particularly with usability of shale oilgas reserves, the volume of this effluent is increasing around the world, and as a consequence, its discharge to the. Evaluation and management of produced water from selected oil.
The epa wanted to better understand produced water generation, management, and disposal options at the regional, state and local levels for both conventional and unconventional 2 onshore oil and gas extraction. Produced water volumes and management practices in 2017. The global produced water treatment market size was valued at usd 5. Offshore, and in the coastal zone, most produced water is discharged to the ocean.
After the water demand and supply comparisons and needs analyses were completed, planning groups. Strict regulations regarding produced water discharge limits have led to a boost in the requirements for advanced technologies for oil water separation and for enhancing the efficiency of oil recovery. In traditional oil and gas wells, produced water is brought to the surface along with oil or gas. This chapter provides information about produced water and produced water management. As an additional supporting factor, the sb 1281 produced water management. Drilling and fracturing wells produce water along with the natural gas. Offshore produced water can be reinjected into reservoir, disposed as. Journal of hazardous materials 170 2009 530551 contents lists available at.
Produced water technologicalenvironmental issues and. Produced water volumes and management practices page 7 executive summary produced water is water from underground formations that is brought to the surface during oil or gas production. At the other extreme, produced waters in areas such as the appalachian basin and michigan basin may be 5 to 10 times saltier than seawater. Produced water management technology descriptions website, national energy technology laboratory descriptions of the many technologies used to reduce, treat, reuse, and dispose of produced water. As the oil industry grows, so does the amount of produced water that must be treated. The objectives of oil and gas produced water treatment include meeting discharge regulations local, state and federal, reusing treated produced water. Produced water discharges from offshore oil and gas installations 20072012 policy issue. With oil production comes an abundance of produced water, a critical resource in todays increasingly limited water supply. Dwyer frank mcdonald prepared by sandia national laboratories albuquerque, new mexico 87185 and livermore, california 94550 sandia national laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by sandia corporation. Pdf produced water treatment technologies semantic scholar. Water resource management in oil and gas basins, 3. Oilfield produced water management and beneficial reuse. Rapidly expanding drilling in the marcellus shale in pennsylvania has significantly increased the volume of produced water that must be managed.
Inorganic industrial wastewater is produced mainly in the coal and steel industry, in the. Produced water is most often considered a waste, but the industry is beginning to consider this material as a potential profit stream. And although boiling and solar disinfection are effective, the methods are impractical with large volumes of water. Oil and gas reservoirs often have water as well as hydrocarbons, sometimes in a zone that lies under the hydrocarbons, and sometimes in. Produced water treatment technologies international journal. Parsons has the design and construction management experience to meet any produced water challenge. Produced water may account for 80% of the wastes and residuals produce d from. Oil and gas produced water management and beneficial use in the. To prevent and eliminate pollution associated with the discharge of oil and other substances caused by discharges of produced water from offshore oil and gas installations. User manual produced water treatment and beneficial use. The h2pro sr water management service uses a mobile system with proven filtration technology to remove suspended solids from produced and flowback water. Produced water volumes and management practices in 2012 page 4 list of tables table 21 comparison of water needs and produced water generation 15 table 22 total dissolved solids data mgl over time for flowback water from selected. Produced water is the largest volume byproduct or waste stream associated with oil and gas exploration and production. Produced water volumes and management practices in.
The actual water production of a particular well depends on the well location, producing formation and the age of the well. Produced water management handbook this handbook is designed to be used by producers as a resource to learn more about the actual practices and costs associated with produced water management in oil and gas basins in five states in the rocky mountain region colorado, montana, new mexico, utah, and wyoming and five states in the midcontinent region illinois, kansas, louisiana, michigan, and. Although there are many water management options available for shale operators, there is no onesizefitsall solution. Table 510 shows the produced water management volumes from the sb 1281 data for 2017. The report contains detailed produced water volume data for 2007. Some produced water is currently used for irrigation of crops. Produced water treatment technologies international. Managing produced water is not a new issue, but it is growing with other water challenges and the oklahoma oil and gas resurgence recycling produced water provides a way to reduce the impacts of oil and gas production social, legal, and technical expertise is needed to solve emerging problems in produced water management.
The conference is intended for oil and gas, water treatment and management, and economic development professionals. Produced water is a term used in the oil industry to describe water that is produced as a byproduct during the extraction of oil and natural gas. Microsoft word aeration for produced water management 111915. Produced water is the largest waste stream from oil and natural gas production. For every barrel of oil produced, an additional 8 to 10 barrels of water typically accompanies it. Study of oil and gas extraction wastewater management under. Usgs mapbased database providing locations and data for produced water at over 165,000 wells across the united states.
Summary of produced water management practices circle of blue. Potential for beneficial use of oil and gas produced water. For example, the type of produced water in some rocky mountain basins varies from fresh to brackish. Our goal is to encourage collaboration among stakeholders to synthesize and improve new mexico and federal regulatory and environmental frameworks.
Review of technologies for oil and gas produced water treatment. Oil and gas produced water treatment saltworks technologies. What is the environment departments responsibility for produced water management. Oil and gas produced water management and beneficial use in the western united states. Oil and gas produced water management and beneficial use in. Pdf produced water volumes and management practices ramon. Innovations for any oilfield produced water challenge firstofakind solutions for successfully managing oilfield water. In coal bed methane production, wells are drilled into coal seams. Produced water occurs naturally in oil and gas reservoirs.
It is important to understand the costs, alternatives, and technical limitations of each option and develop a blended water management strategy to balance costs and risks. Produced water is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds and the largest volume of byproduct generated during oil and gas recovery. Produced water formation and injected water containing production chemicals represents the largest volume waste stream in oil and gas production operations on most offshore platforms. Produced water volumes and management practices in 2012.